Furry Diary

Mongolian Horse

Equus ferus caballus

Also called Mongol horse, Mori, Aduu

breedShort profile

From Mongolia and the Inner Mongolia region of China12

A friendly guide, not veterinary advice. For anything about your pet's health, ask your vet.

At a glance the quick version

Weight272 kg32
Height, male131 cm32
Height, female127 cm32
Lifespan20 to 40 years14
Sizesmall

Average weight range is 267-370 kg, with a typical weight around 272 kg (600 lbs).

Hardy and frugal
Excellent endurance
Sure-footed in rough terrain
Calm and reliable under saddle
Low maintenance cost
14

Looks how to spot one

Stocky, compact body with a large head, short thick neck, muscular shoulders, straight short back, long sloping croup, very solid legs, and a high-set tail. The winter coat is dense and thick.

The Mongolian horse has a sturdy, compact frame with a noticeably large head and a short, powerful neck. Its shoulders are muscular, its back is straight and short, and its croup slopes gently. The legs are very solid, and the tail is set rather high. In winter the coat becomes exceptionally dense, allowing the horse to endure extreme cold.23

Coloursbaychestnutblackblack/brown dunbay dunpalominocafe au laitcreamspottedpinto2

Personality what they are like

Mongolian horses are semi-wild and not naturally trusting of humans; a rider must earn their cooperation each time they are caught from the herd. Once accustomed to carrying a rider, they become calm, friendly and very reliable. They are tough, independent and possess a strong survival instinct.41

Daily activity how busy a day looks

These horses are adapted to a life of free roaming on the steppe. They need ample space to graze and move daily. In Mongolia they are not stabled but live outdoors year-round, covering several kilometres a day while foraging.15

Grooming and care the hands-on bits

Mongolian horses require minimal grooming. Their hooves are left untrimmed and unshod and are naturally hard and strong. They are not bathed or given special feeds. In Mongolia, farriers are essentially non-existent. The horses shed their thick winter coat naturally in spring.5

Home where they are happiest

Mongolian horses are adapted to live outdoors all year in extreme temperatures from 30°C in summer down to -40°C in winter. They need no shelter or stables; they find their own forage beneath snow and break ice to drink. They require very little water, sometimes drinking only once a day. In captivity, a large, natural pasture with access to clean water and shelter from severe storms is ideal.12

Food basics what goes in the bowl

They eat only grass and require very little water. In winter they paw through snow to reach grass and eat snow for water. They do not need grain or hay supplements under natural conditions.12

Company who they like around

Mongolian horses are herd animals and must be kept with other horses. In Mongolia they roam in family groups around the nomad's dwelling. They are not naturally trusting of humans and need patient, consistent handling to build a bond.14

The story where it all began

The Mongolian horse is one of the oldest horse breeds, believed to have remained largely unchanged since the time of Genghis Khan. Nomads of the central Asian steppes have ridden horses since around 2000 BC. These horses were a key factor in the 13th-century conquests of the Mongol Empire. Today, more than three million Mongolian horses live in Mongolia, outnumbering the human population. They are still used for riding, transport, racing, milk (for airag), and meat.126

The care rhythm Furry Diary remembers it for you

A typical home-care rhythm for a Mongolian Horse. It is our own starting plan, not a vet's advice, and you can change every line in the app.

Tell me when it launches

Treats they will love homemade and simple

Fruity Ice Block for Horses

A refreshing and hydrating treat for warm days, based on stable enrichment advice from The British Horse Society.

You need

  • Your horse's favourite safe fruit (e.g. apple slices, carrot sticks, banana chunks)
  • Water (or a splash of unsweetened fruit juice for extra sweetness)

How

  1. Cut the fruit and vegetables into horse-safe, bite-sized pieces.
  2. Place the pieces into a sturdy, horse-safe container or ice cube tray.
  3. Pour water over the fruit until just covered. If using juice, mix with water first.
  4. Freeze until solid.
  5. Remove the ice block from the container and offer to your horse in a safe feeding area.

How much: One ice block per horse, no more than once a day. Consider your horse's sugar intake if using juice.

Recipe from The British Horse Society

Simple Carrot and Apple Treats for Donkeys

Based on The Donkey Sanctuary's list of safe, healthy treats for donkeys. These are simple, natural, and easy to prepare.

You need

  • 1 fresh apple (not dried or cooking apple)
  • 1 fresh carrot

How

  1. Wash the apple and carrot thoroughly.
  2. Chop the apple into small, donkey-safe pieces (remove any seeds).
  3. Grate the carrot or chop it into small, non-round pieces to avoid choking.
  4. Mix the apple and carrot pieces together in a clean bowl.
  5. Offer a small handful as a treat, or scatter in their feed area for foraging.

How much: One small handful-sized portion per day maximum (about 1-2 leaves or a small handful).

Recipe from The Donkey Sanctuary

Pumpkin and Oat Horse Treats

A baked treat recipe from Rutgers Equine Science Center, using safe ingredients like pumpkin and oats. Suitable for horses, not for ponies or donkeys due to sugar content.

You need

  • 4 cups whole oats (or crushed/rolled barley if your horse is sugar-sensitive)
  • 1 can pumpkin (plain, not pie filling)
  • 2 cups water
  • 2 tsp baking powder
  • 1 ¾ cups flour
  • 2 tsp cinnamon

How

  1. Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C).
  2. In a large bowl, thoroughly mix the pumpkin and water together.
  3. Add the dry ingredients (oats, flour, baking powder, cinnamon) to the pumpkin mixture and stir until combined.
  4. Drop spoonfuls of the mixture onto a greased cookie sheet.
  5. Optional: add a sugar-free peppermint topping to some treats if your horse can have them.
  6. Bake for 20 minutes.
  7. Allow to cool completely before feeding.

How much: 1-2 treats per day, depending on your horse's size and dietary needs. Always introduce new treats gradually.

Recipe from Rutgers Equine Science Center

Not veterinary advice. Check with your vet first if your pet has allergies, a health condition, is on a special diet or is pregnant. Treats should stay a small part of the daily food. Cut to a safe size and supervise.

Owner questions the things everyone asks

How often should I feed my Mongolian Horse, and what should it eat?

Mongolian horses thrive on grass alone and need very little water. They forage naturally, so provide a large pasture with grass. Furry Diary's starting plan is to offer fresh grass and water daily, but no grain or hay supplements are needed. For exact amounts, check the food label and consult your vet.12 Furry Diary plan

Which foods and plants are dangerous for a Mongolian Horse?

Many common foods are dangerous for horses, including chocolate, caffeine, onions, garlic, and avocado. Also avoid grapes, raisins, and anything with xylitol. For a complete list of dangerous plants and foods, ask your vet or a good breeder.7

How much space and land does a Mongolian Horse need?

These horses need plenty of space to roam and graze, ideally a large natural pasture. They are used to covering several kilometres each day. Furry Diary's plan includes daily turnout. For exact acreage, ask a good breeder or your vet.152 Furry Diary plan

What kind of shelter does a Mongolian Horse need?

These tough horses are adapted to extreme weather and need no stable. But a simple shelter like a run-in shed is recommended for protection from severe storms. They thrive outdoors with access to clean water.12

How do I look after a Mongolian Horse's hooves or feet?

Their hooves are naturally tough and often left untrimmed, but daily hoof picking is good practice. Furry Diary's starting plan includes a farrier check every 42 days. For individual hoof care, consult your farrier or vet.5 Furry Diary plan

Does a Mongolian Horse need grooming or shearing?

These horses require minimal grooming. They shed their winter coat on their own, so no shearing is necessary. Occasional brushing is enough. They do not need baths.5

Can a Mongolian Horse live alone?

Mongolian horses are herd animals and should never live alone. They need the company of other horses to feel secure and happy. A single horse can become stressed and lonely.14

How long does a Mongolian Horse live?

These hardy horses often live 20 to 40 years. With proper care and a natural lifestyle, they can enjoy a long, healthy life.14

Is a Mongolian Horse good with children?

With proper training and bonding, Mongolian horses can be calm and reliable around children. They are not naturally trusting, so a patient, experienced handler is important. Always supervise interactions and ask a good breeder for guidance.41

What regular vet care does a Mongolian Horse need?

Furry Diary's starting plan recommends annual teeth check-ups and parasite prevention as your vet suggests. Regular vet visits for vaccinations and health exams are also important. For a tailored schedule, ask your equine vet. Furry Diary plan

Written from the sources on this page, a few checked guides (VCA, ASPCA, RSPCA) and Furry Diary's own starting care plan. A friendly guide, not a vet's advice.

You might also like

our little thank-you jar

Like what we are building? Buy Archy a bone.

All of this is free for everyone, with a source on every fact, and it will never show annoying ads. It was a big job to build, so if it helped you, buy Archy a bone. Any amount is lovely, and no is a perfectly fine answer too.

Archy is our Australian Cattle Dog and chief taste tester. Tips go to 4V3D OÜ, the small family studio behind Furry Diary.

Buy Archy a bone

Where this comes from

Every breed page shows where each fact comes from. If we got something wrong, sorry, we are pet people, not a science magazine. Tell us at [email protected] and we will fix it.

  1. en.wikipedia.org: Mongolian horse en.wikipedia.orgused for origin, lifespan years, best traits, temperament, activity needs, habitat needs, diet basics, social needs, history, fun fact
  2. horse.xjau.edu.cn: 256 horse.xjau.edu.cnused for origin, weight kg, height cm, coat or body, colours, habitat needs, diet basics, history
  3. breeds.okstate.edu: mongolian horses breeds.okstate.eduused for weight kg, height cm, coat or body
  4. animalcorner.org: mongolian horse animalcorner.orgused for lifespan years, best traits, temperament, social needs
  5. en.wikipedia.org: Horse culture in Mongolia en.wikipedia.orgused for activity needs, grooming or care
  6. news.cgtn.com: share amp news.cgtn.comused for history
  7. ASPCA: People foods to avoid feeding your pets aspca.orgused for owner questions
  8. horseandrider.com: mongolian horse horseandrider.comused for fun fact
  9. VCA Animal Hospitals: Feeding times and frequency for your dog vcahospitals.comused for owner questions
  10. ASPCA: Dog grooming tips aspca.orgused for owner questions
  11. ASPCA: Cat grooming tips aspca.orgused for owner questions
  12. RSPCA: What to feed your rabbit rspca.org.ukused for owner questions

Checked 2026-10-02. Text is written in our own words from these sources.