Furry Diary

Not furry, but we like them anyway.

Powder Brown Tang

Acanthurus japonicus (Schmidt, 1931)

Also called Japan surgeonfish, White-faced surgeonfish, White-nose surgeonfish, Gold rim tang

SpeciesShort profile

From Western Pacific, from southern Japan and the Ryukyu Islands through the Philippines to Sulawesi, Indonesia.12

A friendly guide, not veterinary advice. For anything about your pet's health, ask your vet.

At a glance the quick version

Length21 to 23 cm12
Sizesmall

Maximum length; sources give 21 cm and 23 cm total length.

Elegant brown body set off by a white face stripe and orange fin edging
Algae grazer that helps tidy rockwork
Active, sociable reef swimmer
21

Looks how to spot one

Scaled, oval surgeonfish

An oval, flattened tang whose body shifts from brown to bluish or almost yellowish depending on mood. A broad white stripe runs from under the eye down to the upper lip, an orange to pink band lines the soft dorsal fin, and yellow marks the base of the pectoral fins and the tail stem.21

ColoursBrown to bluish bodyWhite face bandOrange dorsal fin stripeYellow at tail base and pectoral fin bases21

Personality what they are like

An active, social tang that often travels with others of its kind but can also be seen alone. Give it space when keeping it with other similar-looking tangs.12

Daily activity how busy a day looks

A daytime swimmer that cruises clear, exposed reef areas while grazing. It needs open water to swim plus rock to graze.12

Grooming and care the hands-on bits

Marine reef fish for a mature saltwater aquarium. Typical reef-tank conditions are 24-27 C, salinity 1.022-1.025 specific gravity and pH around 8.2, which sits within the 24-28 C water it lives in on the reef. Keep water quality stable and offer algae-based meals every day. The blade-like tail spines are sharp, so move it with a net or container rather than bare hands.31

Home where they are happiest

Lives in clear lagoon and outer reef waters, usually 5-15 m deep in exposed spots. A spacious reef aquarium with good water movement and grazing rock suits it. No minimum tank volume from a primary source was found.12

Food basics what goes in the bowl

A herbivore that feeds on algae. Base its aquarium diet on marine algae and seaweed foods.1

Company who they like around

Usually found in small to large groups, sometimes alone.12

The story where it all began

Soviet ichthyologist Peter Schmidt described it in 1931 from Kominato on Amami-Oshima in Japan's Ryukyu Islands, first treating it as a form of another surgeonfish. Its scientific name honours Japan, at the northern end of its range.2

Fun facts for the dinner table

  1. 1

    Its body colour can shift from brown to bluish or nearly yellow depending on its mood.2

  2. 2

    The white stripe from eye to lip earned it the names white-nose and white-faced surgeonfish.1

  3. 3

    It was first described from Amami-Oshima in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan.2

Recognised by the official bits

IUCN Red List
Least Concern (assessed May 2010)1
Taxonomy
Family Acanthuridae; described by Peter Schmidt in 1931 as Hepatus aliala japonicus2

The care rhythm Furry Diary remembers it for you

A typical home-care rhythm for a Powder Brown Tang. It is our own starting plan, not a vet's advice, and you can change every line in the app.

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Where this comes from

Every breed page shows where each fact comes from. If we got something wrong, sorry, we are pet people, not a science magazine. Tell us at [email protected] and we will fix it.

  1. FishBase: Acanthurus japonicus summary fishbase.seused for distribution, depth, length, diet, temperature, IUCN status, colour
  2. Wikipedia: Acanthurus japonicus en.wikipedia.orgused for names, description, habitat, taxonomy
  3. Wikipedia: Reef aquarium en.wikipedia.orgused for general reef aquarium water parameters

Checked 2026-09-30. Text is written in our own words from these sources.