Furry Diary

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Powder Blue Tang

Acanthurus leucosternon Bennett, 1833

Also called Powderblue surgeonfish, Powder-blue surgeonfish, Blue surgeonfish

SpeciesShort profile

From Indian Ocean, from East Africa to the Andaman Sea, south-west Indonesia and Christmas Island, reaching Bali.12

At a glance the quick version

Length19 to 54 cm123
Lifespan5 to 10 years2
Sizelarge

Usually about 19-23 cm; maximum recorded 54 cm.

About 5 years in the wild and up to 10 years in aquariums.

One of the most colourful tangs, with blue, black, white and yellow
Herbivore that keeps algae in check
Lively, active swimmer
23

Looks how to spot one

Scaled, oval surgeonfish

An oval, flattened fish with a crescent tail and a small beak-like mouth. The sides are a soft sky blue, the head is black, and a wide white band runs from the chest up to the throat. A yellow dorsal fin and a yellow patch at the tail base complete the look, and the colours stay the same from youth to adulthood.132

ColoursPowder blue bodyBlack headWhite throat and chestYellow dorsal fin and tail base132

Personality what they are like

A spirited, energetic fish that likes its own space and can be assertive towards other surgeonfish, especially of the same genus. When food is plentiful it is happy to graze alongside others.23

Daily activity how busy a day looks

Active by day and constantly on the move over the reef, picking algae from cracks and surfaces. Needs generous open swimming room.32

Grooming and care the hands-on bits

Marine reef fish for a mature saltwater aquarium. Typical reef-tank conditions are 24-27 C, salinity 1.022-1.025 specific gravity and pH around 8.2, which sits within the 23-28 C water it lives in on the reef. Keep water quality stable and offer algae-based meals every day. The blade-like tail spines are sharp, so move it with a net or container rather than bare hands. It is a good fit for reef tanks with corals but is best kept apart from other Acanthurus tangs.413

Home where they are happiest

Lives in clear, shallow water on reef flats and upper outer reef slopes, from the surface to about 25 m. A large, well-lit reef aquarium with strong water movement, open space and rockwork for grazing suits it. No minimum tank volume from a primary source was found.123

Food basics what goes in the bowl

A herbivore that grazes benthic algae, especially small tufts growing in crevices. Offer mostly marine algae and seaweed-based foods.12

Company who they like around

Forms faithful pairs in the wild and may feed in large groups when algae are abundant, but becomes territorial when food is scarce. In aquariums it is usually kept as the only Acanthurus tang.123

The story where it all began

Edward Turner Bennett described the species in 1833, naming Sri Lanka as its type locality. Its name combines Greek words for white and breast, after the white chest. It is a long-standing favourite in marine aquariums.3

Fun facts for the dinner table

  1. 1

    Leucosternon means white breast, after the bright white chest band.3

  2. 2

    Unlike many reef fish, it keeps the same colour pattern from juvenile to adult.3

  3. 3

    Its beak-like mouth is ideal for plucking algae out of narrow crevices.2

  4. 4

    Pairs stay together, and when algae are plentiful it may feed in large mixed groups.2

Recognised by the official bits

IUCN Red List
Least Concern (assessed May 2010)1
Taxonomy
Family Acanthuridae; described by Edward Turner Bennett in 18333

The care rhythm Furry Diary remembers it for you

A typical home-care rhythm for a Powder Blue Tang. It is our own starting plan, not a vet's advice, and you can change every line in the app.

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Where this comes from

Every breed page shows where each fact comes from. If we got something wrong, sorry, we are pet people, not a science magazine. Tell us at [email protected] and we will fix it.

  1. FishBase: Acanthurus leucosternon summary fishbase.seused for distribution, depth, length, diet, temperature, IUCN status, colour
  2. Aquarium of the Pacific: Powder Blue Tang aquariumofpacific.orgused for size, lifespan, colour, habitat, diet, behaviour
  3. Wikipedia: Powder blue tang en.wikipedia.orgused for description, behaviour, taxonomy, etymology, aquarium notes
  4. Wikipedia: Reef aquarium en.wikipedia.orgused for general reef aquarium water parameters

Checked 2026-09-30. Text is written in our own words from these sources.